Risk factors for non-traditional chronic kidney disease in men from central provinces, Panama
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Abstract
Background: non-traditional chronic kidney disease (CKDnt) affects young men in agricultural activities in Central America.
Objectives: to identify risk factors associated with CKDnt in healthy men exposed to heat stress and agrochemicals in central provinces, Panama.
Methods: observational, cross-sectional, and analytical study conducted between January and June 2024. Thirty-five exposed subjects (farmers/heat stress) were compared with 35 non-exposed subjects. Anthropometric measurements, blood tests, and exposure questionnaires were performed.
Results: the exposed group presented significantly higher levels of uric acid and a lower estimated glomerular filtration rate compared to the control group. Inadequate use of personal protective equipment was documented in 85 % of those exposed.
Conclusions: the findings suggest that recurrent dehydration and pesticide exposure are key determinants. There are early markers of kidney damage in the healthy exposed population, requiring urgent preventive interventions.
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