CHistopathological characteristics of hyperplastic polyps and colonic adenomas in the pathology department of the Hospital Complex Doctor Arnulfo Arias Madrid
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Abstract
Introduction: colon cancer is one of the most common cancers worldwide, mainly developing from adenomas, which can progress to cancer if not detected and treated promptly.
Objective: to describe the histopathological characteristics of colon polyps by sex and age group in the pathology department of the “Doctor Arnulfo Arias Madrid” Hospital Complex during 2022-2023 in Panama.
Methods: observational, descriptive, retrospective, and cross-sectional study. A total of 547 pathology reports of colon polyps were analyzed.
Results: 429 polyps were studied, of which 301 were adenomas (70 %) and 128 hyperplastic polyps (30 %), both more frequent in women. Prevalence increased with age; adenomas were more common in the 55-64 age group, and hyperplastic polyps predominated in the 65-74 group. Tubular adenoma was the predominant subtype (89 %). Fifty-five percent of adenomas measured more than 5 mm and were predominantly located in the right colon. Hyperplastic polyps were mostly small (<5 mm) and predominated in the left colon. Advanced adenomas (size ≥10 mm, villous component, high-grade dysplasia) were mainly found in older patients and in the left colon.
Conclusion: contrary to the literature, the studied population showed a higher frequency of colon polyps (hyperplastic polyps, conventional adenomas, and advanced adenomas) in women. Advanced adenomas predominated in the left colon
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